A装配图-前轮
多功能小型扫雪除冰车除冰及其他部分的设计
摘要
纵观除雪破冰机械的发展现状，现有的设备绝大部分功能单一、外形大、价格高。所以研制具有：小巧轻便，操作简单，价格低廉，适合于小型公路和街道的使用且同时又扫雪除冰功能的设备具有广阔的发展前景。
为此本课题设计了一种小型多功能扫雪除冰车，该车同时具有前螺旋扫雪机构，中间破冰滚筒除冰，后扫冰机构收集碎冰的多重功能。本文主要是对多功能小型扫雪除冰车的除冰机构、升降机构和转向系统进行设计。首先对各机构的作用、基本构成、要求和总体性能进行了分析，破冰机构采用滚轮式振动破冰筒，其激振力是由带轮带动偏心块转动所产生的。升降机构由螺旋传动机构跟若干杆件构成，利用螺旋丝杠和曲柄滑块机构的共同作用实现除冰滚筒自锁和升降的功能，达到控制除冰滚筒的升降和根据冰层的厚度、硬度给以施加破冰力的作用，从而实现将冰一次性震碎。转向系统采用齿轮齿条转向器与转向梯形的互相配合来实现转向。同时又对各机构的空间位置进行布置，然后对个细节都进行详细设计。具体内容涉及带轮传动，螺旋传动，齿轮传动，以及杆件和主要零件的强度、刚度校核，同时利用CAXA软件绘制装配图和零件图。
关键词：破冰；升降；传动；转向
Abstract
In the study of the development status of the snow-removing/ ice-breaking machinery, thevast majority of existing equipments just have the single function, the shape of large, the high price.Developed: small, lightweight, simple operation, low cost, suitable for the use of small roads and streets, and has snow-removing/de-icing features to the equipment has broad prospects for development.
To this end, this subject designed a new deicing/snow sweepervehicleswith multi-function. It has several functions such as the front spiral snow sweeping, the middle ice-breaking and the rear ice sweeping and collecting. The design is a design of three parts of a small deicing/snow sweeperwith multi-function. They are the deicing bodies, the lifting mechanism and the steering systems. The paper firstly analyzes the functions of agencies, the basic composition, the requirements and the overall performance. Ice-breaking bodies adopt the breaking-ice tube ofwheelvibration. The exciting force is produced by the rotation of Pulley driving eccentric block. The lifting mechanism is composed by the spiral drive mechanism and some pole pieces. The combined effect of the spiral screw and the slider-crank mechanism achieve the function of the breaking-ice tube ofwheel self-locking and lifting. It controls the rise and fall of the breaking-ice tube ofwheel. According to the ice thickness, hardness, the role of ice-breaking forcewill be given. In order to achieve the ice one-time shattered. The steering system adopt a rack and pinion steering gear and the steering trapezoid. At the same time，it arranged the spatial location of every bodies. It then detailedly design every detail. The specific content involves the pulley driving, the screw drive, the gear driving, aswell as the main parts' strength and stiffness checking. At the same time, it use CAXA software to draw assembly drawing and parts diagrams.
Keywords：deicing; lifting; driving; steering
目录
0引言1
0.1总体概述1
0.2扫雪除冰车发展现状与存在问题2
0.3本课题所研究的方向2
1破冰筒结构的设计5
1.1偏心块的设计6
1.2轴承的选择6
1.3带传动的设计8
1.4键的选择与校核10
1.5轴的强度与刚度校核11
2升降机构的设计14
2.1螺旋传动的设计15
2.2拉杆强度校核17
2.3轨道的设计18
3转向机构的设计20
3.1齿轮齿条设计21
3.2齿轮齿条转向器的总体结构29
3.3梯形臂的设计30
结论30
谢辞31
参考文献32
滚筒
滑动轴承
零件-端盖
零件图-带轮
零件图-滑动螺母
零件图-拉杆
零件图-螺杆
零件图-偏心块
零件图-轴
零件图-轴座
螺旋
2摘要
3设计所包含文件
4设计方案
5目录
1字数
