A总装图
摘要
本次设计的题目是JD-2.5调度绞车。调度绞车由于结构简单、重量不大、移动方便,而被广泛应用于矿山地面、冶金矿场或建筑工地等进行调度和其它运输工作。
绞车的主要特点为:结构尺寸和重量较孝钢丝绳速度不高,安装及撤除操作方便、启动平衡(稳)、故障率低、常见故障易处理、维护方便。
我国许多调度绞车的设计是引进前苏联的技术,并在其基础上作了一些改进,本设计方案的主要特点:该型绞车采用两级内啮合传动和一级行星轮传动。Z1/Z2和Z3/Z4为两级内啮合传动,Z5、Z6、Z7组成行星传动机构。在电动机轴头上安装着加长套的齿轮Z1,通过内齿轮Z2、齿轮Z3和内齿轮Z4,把运动传到齿轮Z5上,齿轮Z5是行星轮系的中央轮(或称太阳轮),再带动两个行星齿轮Z6和大内齿轮Z7。行星齿轮自由地装在2根与带动固定连接的轴上,大内齿轮Z7齿圈外部装有工作闸,用于控制绞车滚筒运转。
为了达到良好的均载效果,在设计的均载机构中采取无多余约束的浮动方式。另外,变位齿轮的使用也可以获得准确的传动比,提高啮合传动质量和承载能力。
本次设计主要对两级内啮合传动和一级行星轮传动、滚筒结构、制动器等进行了详细的设计。
关键词:调度绞车;行星齿轮;行星传动;内啮合传动
Abstract
The title of this design is jd-2.5 dispatchingwinch. Due to its simple structure, smallweight and convenient movement, dispatchingwinch iswidely used in mine ground, metallurgical field or construction site for dispatching and other transportationwork.
The main features of thewinch are: small structure size andweight, low speed ofwire rope, convenient installation and removal operation, stable start-up, low failure rate, easy handling of common faults and convenient maintenance.
The design of many dispatchingwinches in our country is based on the technology of the former Soviet Union and some improvements have been made. The main features of this design scheme are: thewinch adopts two-stage internal meshing transmission and one-stage planetary gear transmission. Z1/ Z2 and Z3/ Z4 are two-stage internal meshing transmission, and Z5, Z6 andz7 constitute planetary transmission mechanism. A gear Z1with an extension sleeve is installed on the shaft head of the motor. Through the internal gear Z2, gear Z3 and internal gear Z4, the movement is transmitted to the gear Z5. The gear Z5 is the central gear(or sun gear) of the planetary gear train, and then drives the two planetary gears Z6 and the large internal gearz7. The planetary gear is freely installed on two shaftswhich are fixedly connectedwith the drive, and awork brake is installed outside the gear ring of the big internal gearz7,which is used to control the operation of thewinch drum.
In order to achieve good load sharing effect, the floating modewithout redundant constraints is adopted in the designed load sharing mechanism. In addition, the use of modified gear can also obtain accurate transmission ratio, improve the quality of meshing transmission and bearing capacity.
This design mainly has carried on the detailed design to the two-stage internal meshing transmission and the first-class planetary gear transmission, the drum structure, the brake and so on.
Keywords: dispatchingwinch; planetary gear; planetary transmission; internal meshing transmission
目录
一、整体方案设计1
1.1产品的名称、用途及主要设计参数7
1.2整体设计方案的确定7
1.3设计方案的改进8
二、牵引钢丝绳直径及卷筒直径的确定9
2.1钢丝绳的选择9
2.1.1计算钢丝绳直径9
2.1.2钢丝绳强度校核: 9
2.2卷筒9
2.2.1卷筒的名义直径9
2.2.2确定卷筒的宽度B 10
2.2.3初选钢丝绳的缠绕层数为: 10
2.2.5确定卷筒直径10
2.2.6卷筒厚度: 10
三、电机的选取: 12
3.1系统的总效率12
3.2绳速的确定12
3.3电机的选型12
四、总传动比的计算及传动比的分配13
4.1总传动比的计算: 13
4.2传动比的分配13
五、两级内齿圈传动设计15
5.1齿轮材料处理工艺及制造工艺的选定15
5.2确定各主要参数15
5.2.1传动比15
5.2.2第一级传动齿轮模数m 15
5.2.3内啮合标准圆柱齿轮传动几何尺寸的计算16
5.2.4齿轮接触疲劳强度计算16
5.2.5齿轮强度校验18
5.3第二级传动齿轮模数m 22
5.3.1内啮合标准圆柱齿轮传动几何尺寸的计算23
5.3.2齿轮接触疲劳强度设计计算23
5.3.3齿轮强度校验26
六、行星轮传动设计30
6.1齿轮材料处理工艺及制造工艺的选定30
6.2确定各主要参数30
6.2.1传动比30
6.2.2行星轮数目30
6.2.3载荷不均衡系数30
6.2.4配齿计算30
6.2.5太阳轮分度圆直径31
6.2.6计算变位系数32
6.3几何尺寸计算35
6.4啮合要素计算36
6.4.1 a—c传动端面重合度36
6.4.2 c—b传动端面重合度36
6.5齿轮强度验算37
6.5.1外啮合37
6.5.2内啮合42
七、主轴的结构设计46
7.1轴的材料的选定46
7.2轴直径的初步估算46
7.3轴的结构设计46
八、行星轴的结构设计和校核61
8.1行星轴61
8.1.1结构设计61
8.1.2行星轴材料61
8.1.3轴的受力分析61
8.1.4按当量弯矩计算轴径62
8.1.5轴的疲劳强度安全因数校核计算62
8.1.6轴的表强度安全因数校核计算63
8.2行星轴校验64
8.2.1轴径64
8.2.2行星轴材料64
8.2.3轴的受力分析64
8.2.4按当量弯矩计算轴径65
8.2.5轴的疲劳强度安全因数校核计算66
8.2.6轴的表强度安全因数校核计算67
九、行星架结构设计69
9.1行星架形式的确定和材料的选定69
9.2行星架的技术要求69
十、轴承及校核71
10.1调心滚子轴承71
10.2深汮球轴承72
十一、联接(普通平键联接) 75
11.1主轴上的平键联接75
11.1.1键的选取75
11.1.2键联接的强度校核75
11.2滚筒和行星架之间的联接76
11.2.1键的选取76
11.2.2键联接的强度校核76
十二、减速器铸造机体结构尺寸77
12.1铸造机体的壁厚77
12.2螺栓直径77
十三、制动器的设计计算78
13.1制动器的作用与要求78
13.1.1制动器的作用78
13.1.2制动器的要求78
13.2制动器的类型比较与选择78
13.2.1制动器的类型78
13.2.2制动器的选择78
13.3外抱闸式制动器结构78
13.4外抱闸式制动器的几何参数计算79
十四、主要零件的技术要求85
14.1对齿轮的要求85
14.1.1齿轮精度85
14.1.2对行星轮制造方面的几点要求85
14.1.3齿轮材料和热处理要求85
十五、维护及修理86
15.1润滑86
15.2维护86
15.3修理86
设计总结87
参考文献88
齿轮1
齿轮2
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设计参数
设计所包含文件
摘要
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