推动架工艺及夹具设计-钻φ16和φ32孔

A0钻夹具装配图

推动架工艺及夹具设计
摘要
本文是在推动架的图样分析后进行推动架的机械加工工艺路线的设计，同时按照其中的加工工序的要求设计夹具。
推动架的主要加工内容是表面和孔。其加工路线长，加工时间多，加工成本高，零件的加工精度要求也高。按照机械加工工艺要求，遵循先面后孔的原则，并将孔与平面的加工明确划分成粗加工和精加工阶段以保证加工精度。基准选择以底面作为粗基准，以底面与两个工艺孔作为精基准，确定了其加工的工艺路线和加工中所需要的各种工艺参数。
在零件的夹具设计中，主要是根据零件加工工序要求，分析应限的自由度数，进而根据零件的表面特征选定定位元件，再分析所选定位元件能否限定应限自由度。确定了定位元件后还需要选择夹紧元件，最后就是确定专用夹具的结构形式。
加工技术是随着机床的生产和发展而逐步完善的一种应用技术。加工过程是通过机床上的刀具直接改变形状、大小、表面位置和表面状态，使其成为成品或半成品的过程。适用于现代批量加工工件的方法。由于社会生产力不断的解放和科学技术的发展，加工技术也在不断的创新，推出别具一格的加工方法，间接推动国家的发展。如何快速应对瞬息万变的市场需求。在零件加工生产线的设计和规划中，满足大中型、高效率、低成本生产的需要是一个重要的考虑因素。机床加工的柔性生产线的高速切削技术已成为大批量加工的发展方向。本文的主题是推动架零件的工艺工装设计。
在推动架加工过程中，设计机械零件的加工工艺规划。其主要内容包括部件产品的结构特点、形状尺寸和技术要求等，分析其零件的作用等，在这基础上，确定毛坯的类型，绘制毛坯图。进行基面的选择，确定加工过程中的粗基准和精基准。根据选好的基准，制订工艺路线。分析并优化零件的加工路线。合理的选择刀具、机床、量具等加工设备，计算在加工过程的理论上的切削参数、基本工时。关键是决定出各个工序的工艺装备及切削用量。最后设计零件的专用夹具，分析其定位误差、切削力、夹紧力等参数，计算此夹具是否成立。难度是在设计过程中，合理的选择数据。加深理解和掌握加工工艺，切削加工的知识与实践结合起来，实现设计的学习和提高自我的专业素质。
关键词：推动架；加工工艺；工序；专用夹具

Driving Frame Technology and Fixture Design
Abstract
In this paper, after the pattern analysis of the push frame, the design of the mechanical processing process of the push frame is carried out, and the fixture is designed according to the requirements of the processing process.The main processing content of the push frame is surface and hole. Its processing route is long, processing time, processing cost is high, parts processing accuracy requirements are also high. In accordance with the requirements of mechanical processing technology, the principle of "first surface, then hole" is followed, and the processing of hole and plane is clearly divided into rough processing and finishing stages to ensure the processing accuracy. The base plane is chosen as the rough base plane, and the base plane and two process holes are used as the fine datum.In the fixture design of parts, it is mainly based on the requirements of parts processing process, analysis of the limited degree of freedom, and then according to the surface characteristics of parts to select positioning elements, and then analyze the selected position elements can limit the degree of freedom. After determining the positioning element, it is necessary to select the clamping element, and finally determine the structure of the special fixture.Processing technology is a kind of application technology which is gradually improved with the production and development of machine tools. Machining process is the process of changing the shape, size, surface position and surface state of the cutting tool directly on the machine tool to make it into finished or semi-finished products. Suitable for modern batch machining workpiece method. Due to the continuous liberation of social productive forces and the development of science and technology, processing technology is also in constant innovation, innovative achievements unique processing methods, indirectly promote the development of the country. How to quickly respond to the ever-changing market demand. In the design and planning of spare parts production line, it is an important consideration to meet the needs of large and medium-sized, high-efficiency and low-cost production. The high speed cutting technology of flexible production line has become the development direction of mass machining. The theme of this paper is to promote the design of the frame parts process tooling.Design the machining process planning of mechanical parts in the process of pushing frame. Its main content includes the structural characteristics of components, shape and size and technical requirements, etc., analysis of the role of its parts, etc., on this basis, determine the type of blank, draw blank diagram. Base plane selection is carried out to determine the coarse and fine datum in the processing process. According to the selected benchmark, formulate the process line. Analyze and optimize the machining route of parts. Reasonable selection of cutting tools, machine tools, measuring tools and other processing equipment, calculation of the theoretical cutting parameters in the processing process, the basic working hours. The key is to determine the process equipment and cutting parameters of each process. Finally, the special fixture of the parts is designed, and its positioning error, cutting force, clamping force and other parameters are analyzed to calculate whether the fixture is valid. The difficulty is in the design process, the reasonable choice of data. Deepen understanding and master the processing technology, cutting knowledge and practice together, to achieve the graduation design learning and improve my professional quality.
Key words: Push frame processx; processing technology; process; special fixture

目录
摘要i
Abstract iii
1绪论1
1.1本课题的研究内容和意义1
1.2国内外的发展概况2
1.3本课题应达到的要求3
2推动架的图样分析4
2.1推动架的作用4
2.2推动架的图样分析4
2.3工艺分析5
3工艺规程设计8
3.1确定毛坯的制造形式8
3.2定位基准的选择10
3.2.1粗基准的选择11
3.2.2精基准的选择12
3.3切削液的选择12
3.4检验工件过程13
3.5废品的出现原因14
3.6质量超差的解决方法14
3.7拟定工艺路线15
3.7.1划分加工阶段15
3.7.2工序集中与分散16
3.7.3安排加工顺序17
3.7.4拟定加工工艺路线18
3.8机械加工余量、工序尺寸及毛坯尺寸的确定19
3.9量具的选择21
3.10刀具的选择22
3.11确定切削参数22
4推动架钻孔夹具设计42
4.1研究原始质料42
4.2定位、夹紧方案的选择42
4.3零件图的设计43
4.4钻床装配图确定46
4.5夹紧装置47
4.6切削力及夹紧力的计算48
4.7误差分析与计算50
4.8夹具设计及操作的简要说明51
结论52
参考文献54
外文资料55
致谢63

1绪论
1.1本课题的研究内容和意义
工装工艺及夹具设计是对所学专业课知识的一次巩固，是在进行社会实践之前对所学各课程的一次深入的综合性的总复习，也是理论联系实际的训练。机床夹具已成为机械加工中的重要装备。机床夹具的设计和使用是促进生产发展的重要工艺措施之一。
机械加工工艺规程是生产准备工作的主要依据。根据它来组织原材料和毛坯的供应，进行机床调整，专用工艺装备的设计与制造，编制生产作业计划，调配劳动力，以

A0夹具体

A0零件图

A1底架

A1毛坯图

A2导向块1

A2钻模板