钟形壳的加工工艺设计和夹具设计

钟形壳零件图-A2

摘要

目前随着科学技术的发展，人类的生产活动越来越离不开机械。如今，中国是全球的制造业大国，机械装备业的发展对国民经济的影响举足轻重。我们知道，每一件产品大都是通过机器生产出来的，而每一个机器都是由各种各样的零件组成的，加工工艺设计学就是通过对零件的尺寸分析和技术要求，设计出一套能满足零件的加工要求，提高劳动效率的工艺方案。它是联系零件的设计和制造的桥梁。
本文主要是设计钟形壳的加工工艺和专用夹具。内容上综述了钟形壳的背景知识、工艺设计分析，夹具设计和相关计算及图纸。钟形壳的外形结构总的来说是比较简单。它的外部表面是回旋面，可以通过数控车床进行加工，这样既能保证加工质量又能保证加工效率；内部表面比较复杂，是由内球面和一段圆弧按照某一曲线路径形成的空间曲面，这两个表面的加工精度要求较高，本通过设计专用夹具，利用工件围绕一固定点在规定的圆弧上运动，通过成型铣刀和成型砂轮来加工圆弧槽。该方法结构较为简单，并且容易实现，在普通车床上就可完成曲面的加工。给出了切削用量和夹具设计的相关计算，最后总结了整个工艺设计的要点，指出了设计中存在的一些不足之处。

关键词：工艺设计毛坯专用夹具空间曲面钟形壳

Abstract
With the current development of science and technology, human activities have become increasingly inseparable from the production machinery. Nowadays, China is a global manufacturing power, machinery and equipment industry in the development of a significant impact on the national economy. We know that each of the adoption of a product are produced by machines, and each machine are composed of a variety of parts. Processing technology is to design a program which can meet the processing requirements and improvement of labor efficiency through the analysis of parts of size and technical requirements. It is the bridge of the contact between part design and manufacture.
The main purpose of this paper is the design of the outer race processing technology and special fixture. Paper summarizes the background knowledge of the outer race, process design and analysis, fixture design and related calculations and drawings. Overall, the structure of the outer race is relatively simple. Its external surface is the rotating surface, which can be processed through the CNC lathe, so that processing can ensure quality but also ensures that processing efficiency and the internal surface is more complex, there are lots of internal sphere and a space curve surface with a arc segment along the path to form. The two surface machining accuracy is higher. This paper is to using a special fixture designed to work around a fixed point of the arc on the required movement, through the molding and forming wheel cutter to process arc trough. This method is relatively simple on structure and can be easy to realize, even an ordinary lathe can finish the surface processing. This paper gives the fixture design cutting usage and related terms, the final summarizing the main points of the entire design process, and pointing out those shortcomings in this graduation design.

Key words：Technological design Rough Special fixture The space curved face Outer race

目录
第一章绪论1
1.1零件简介1
1.1.1钟形壳的外形和结构1
1.1.2钟形壳的工作原理1
1.2研究的意义2
1.3设计条件和任务3
1.3.1设计条件3
1.3.2设计任务3
第二章工艺设计5
2.1零件图工艺性分析5
2.1.1零件功用和结构分析5
2.1.2零件的工艺性分析6
2.1.3技术条件分析及初定加工方式8
2.1.4设计思路流程图8
2.2毛坯的确定8
2.2.1毛坯的类型8
2.2.2毛坯余量的确定9
2.2.3毛坯模锻斜度和圆角10
2.2.4零件毛坯确定10
2.3机械工艺路线的确定11
2.3.1零件主要加工面的分析11
2.3.2定位基准的选择12
2.3.3零件加工顺序的确定12
2.3.4工序的组合13
2.3.5各加工表面加工余量的确定14
2.3.6设备及其工艺装备确定15
2.4切削用量及工时定额确定15
2.4.1钻中心孔16
2.4.2粗车外圆和端面17
2.4.3粗车内腔面20
2.4.4第二次粗车外圆及端面21
2.4.5滚压花键23
2.4.6.滚压螺纹M20*1.5 25
2.4.7半精车内球面至S 26
2.4.8粗铣滚道至及45°倒角27
2.4.9精铣滚道至28
2.4.10精车端面29
2.4.11磨内球面至S 30
2.4.12粗磨滚道至31
2.4.13精磨滚道32
第三章粗铣滚道夹具设计说明书34
3.1工序尺寸精度分析34
3.2定位方案分析及确定35
3.3定位误差的分析和计算37
3.4计算切削力和夹紧力38
3.5夹具工作原理38
结论40
致谢41
参考文献42
附录43

第一章绪论
1.1零件简介
1.1.1钟形壳的外形和结构
钟形壳零件的成品如图1.1，它属于回旋体零件，零件一端是一个类似钟形的壳，壳的内表面由一些球面和圆弧槽构成，是零件的主要工作

夹具体-A1

夹具装配图-A0

卡爪-A3

毛坯图-A2