旋转型等压自动灌装机设计

A0-旋转灌装机装配图

摘要
液体灌装机按灌装原理可分为常压灌装机、压力灌装机和真空灌装机。啤酒灌装、压盖机采用压力灌装方法，是在高于大气压力下进行灌装，贮液缸内的压力高于瓶中的压力，啤酒液体靠压差流入瓶内。

目前国内外实现灌装工艺路线基本上是：利用回转酒缸产生的旋转运动，使安放在酒缸槽位上的空瓶通过机械机构将固定在酒缸上部的欲抽真空阀打开，对已封好的瓶子进行抽真空处理，拨转外操作阀杆，打开气阀，对瓶内充填CO2气体，抽真空凸轮继续打开真空阀，将瓶内空气与CO2混合气体抽出，气阀再次打开，对瓶内充填CO2气体，灌装阀内的液阀在瓶内压力接近背压气体压力时打开，酒液顺瓶壁注入瓶内，通过气动或电动控制灌装阀实现啤酒的灌装。

当今国际先进的啤酒灌装、压盖机的控制系统主要由光电开关位置检测部分、走瓶带、酒缸转速的变频调速部分、主控由可编程控制器、触摸屏等组成。灌装、压盖机的机械结构装置与PLC可编程控制、变频无级调速、人机界面等现代自动控制技术手段完整的结合，形成机电一体化。

关键词：PLC传感器传动链灌装机

Abstract
The liquid infuse to pack the machine to press to infuse to pack the principle and can is divided in to often press to infuse to pack the machine, pressure to infuse to pack the machine and vacuums to infuse to pack the machine. The beer infuses to pack, press to cover the machine adoption pressure to infuse to pack the method, carrying on infuse to pack under highly in the atmospheric pressure, the pressure in the liquid urn is high in pressure in the bottle, the beer liquid depends to press to differ to flow into the bottle.

Currently at home and abroad carry out to infuse to pack the craft route basically is: The make use the of to the turn round the wine the urn outputly the revolve the sport, the make put the empty the bottle in the a slot the of wine the pass the machine organization the will fix the in an the upper part the of wine the of desire the take out the vacuum the valve open, the to have the already sealed the good the bottle carry on taking out the vacuum treatment, stir turn the outside operation valve pole, open annoy the valve, to the inside the bottle fill the air of CO2, take out the vacuum cam continue open the vacuum valve, mix with the CO2 air inside the bottle the air draw out, annoying the valve again open, to the inside the bottle fill the air of CO2, infuse pack the liquid in the valve at the pressure inside the bottle near to carry on the back press the air pressure open, the wine liquid the agreeable wall infuse into the bottle, pass annoy move or the dynamoelectric control infuse pack the infuse of the valve realization beer pack.

The Nowadays the beer of the international the forerunner infuses the to pack, the press the control system the of cover the machine the to mainly the be given the or get the an electric the shock the switch position the examination part the by the light and the walk a the bottle of take, the wine the urn turn the change the to the adjust soon part of, the lord controls from the programmable controller and touches to hold etc. to constitute. The Infuse to pack, the press the programmable control of the machine structure device and PLC of cover the machines and change the to have no the class the to adjust soon, modern auto of etc. of man-machine interface control the technique means integrity of combine, become the machine electricity integral whole to turn.

目录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………….I
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………...II
第1章绪论………………………………………………………………………1
1.1包装技术及包装机械的发展及应用.......................................................1
1.1.1包装技术及包装机械的发展.......................................................1
1.1.2包装机械的作用..........................................................................2
第2章食品灌装....................................................................................................3
2.1灌装机的分类和选用原则.......................................................................3
2.1.1灌装机的分类………………………………………………......3
2.1.2灌装机的选用原则……………………………………………..3
2.2食品灌装…………………………………………………………...…...4
2.2.1稠厚物料灌装…………………………………………………..4
2.2.2液体灌装……………………………………………………......4
2.3灌装技术及设备……………………………………………………....11
第3章灌装技术…………………………………………………………..........13
3.1灌装操作……………………………………………………………....13
3.2灌酒的技术要求……………………………………………………....13
3.3灌酒时应注意的问题.............................................................................13
3.4排除瓶颈空气的措施……………………………………………….....14
第4章旋转型等压自动灌装机………………………………………………..15
4.1旋转型等压自动灌装机的工作原理…………………………………15
4.2旋转型等压自动灌装机的结构............................................................16
4.2.1贮酒槽………………………………………………….............17
4.2.2导酒管………………………………………………………....18
4.2.3灌酒阀………………………………………………………....20
第5章旋转型等压自动灌装机构的选用……………………………………..23
5.1旋转型等压自动灌装机的输送瓶罐机构……………………..........23
5.1.1圆盘输送机构……………………………………………...….23
5.1.2链轮、拨轮输送机构…………………………………………23
5.2旋转型等压自动灌装机的罐升降机构…………………...................24 5.2.1滑道式瓶罐升降机构………………………………………...25
5.2.2压缩空气式瓶罐升降机构………………………………..….25
5.2.3压缩空气与滑道式混合瓶罐升降机构………………………26
5.3锥齿轮升降装置…………………………………………………...….28
5.4间歇送气装置…………………………………………………………28
第6章气动技术在灌装机上的作用…………………………………………..29
6.1气动技术概述…………………………………………………………29
6.2气动技术的应用………………………………………………………29
6.3生产自动化的实现…………………………………………………..30
6.4包装自动化的实现…………………………………………………..31
6.5气动技术的特点……………………………………………………..31
6.6广阔的气动市场………………………………………………………32
第7章PLC在啤酒灌装流水线中的应用...........................................................34
7.1 PLC控制系统的控制要求…………………………………………….34
7.2根据控制要求分配I/O地址.................................................................36
7.3控制系统的梯形图程序设计…………………………………………36
7.4传感器的选用........................................................................................38
结束语...................................................................................................................39
致谢.......................................................................................................................40
参考文献...............................................................................................................41
专题部分...............................................................................................................42
附录1……………………………………………………………………………48
外文翻译…………………………………………………………...............48
原文………………………………………………………….......................55

第1章绪论
1．1包装技术及包装机械的发展及应用

1．1．1包装技术及包装机械的发展

包装起源于原始人类持续生存必需的食物贮存，到人类社会有商品交换和贸易活动时，包装逐渐成为商品的组成部分，现代包装已成为我们日常生活消费中必不可少的内容，现代生活离不开包装，即也为包装所困。
食品包装从始至今，历来都是包装的主体部分之一，随着人们消费水平和科学技术水平的日益提高，对食品包装的要求也越来越高，食品包装的迅猛发展，即丰富了人们的生活，也逐渐改变着人们的生活方式，更推动了食品工业的发展。
随着国民经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高，人们对食品工业提出了更高的要求，现代食品已朝着营养、绿色、方便、内能食品的方向发展，且功能食品将成为新世纪的主流食品。食品工业也已成为国民经济的支柱产业；作为装备食品工业的食品机械工业发展尤为迅猛。据统计，1980年全国生产包装机械的企业仅有360家。如今不仅有3000多家生产企业，200多家科研设计单位，还有20多所大专院校设立了这方面的专业。我国现已能生产的产品品种达2700多种，已形成了一个独立的

A2-程序图

A2-链板、拨轮输送机构示意图

A2-生产流程图