某地区果园开沟机设计-圆盘开沟机【含三维图】

0三维预览图(1)

施肥是果树生产管理中的重要技术措施，其施肥部位及开沟的形式合理与否直接影响着果树的生长、产量、果品质量及经济效益。传统的施肥方法，尤其是施用有机肥时，需在每棵果树两侧、根系集中分布层挖沟或挖坑施肥，人工作业非常困难，果农劳动强度大，生产效率低，而且肥料的利用率不高，迫切要求通过机械化来替代繁重的体劳动。因此，研究果园施肥技术的工艺及配套装备，研制出能够在林果生产中推广应用的施肥开沟机械，对地区林果业的高效、持续发展具有重要意义。本课题针对现代果园施肥开沟现状及其需求，通过对国内外开沟机发展现状调查分析，结合园艺技术，研究设计了专门用于果园施肥的开沟机。
关键词：果园；施肥；开沟机

Abstract
With the development of science and technology, mechanized cultivation methods are gradually replacing manual labor, which greatly reduces the labor intensity. However, due to the multiple rolling of the machine in the field during mechanization, the soil is compacted and compacted. A large number of experimental studies have shown that the use of conservation tillage is of great significance for achieving sustainable agricultural development and improving the solid-liquid-gas three-phase ratio of the soil, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing production and income.
China is the world's largest apple producing and consuming country. However, due to the influence of the scale characteristics and planting methods of our orchards, the management of orchards is almost always done manually, with low efficiency and high labor intensity. With the change of the apple cultivation model in China, some new orchards adopt short-crowd close-planting cultivation mode, and thinning and dry-remodeling of traditional arbour-dense planting orchards provide development conditions for orchard mechanization.
Fertilization is an important technical measure in the production management of fruit trees. Whether the fertilization part and the form of furrowing are reasonable directly affect the growth, yield, fruit quality and economic benefits of fruit trees. Traditional fertilization methods, especially when applying organic fertilizers, need to dig trenches or dig fertilizers on the sides of each fruit tree and in the concentrated distribution layer of the root system. Manual work is very difficult, fruit farmers have high labor intensity, low production efficiency, and the use of fertilizers. The rate is not high, and mechanization is urgently required to replace the heavy physical labor. Therefore, studying the technology and supporting equipment of fertilization technology in orchards, and developing fertilization and furrowing machinery that can be popularized and applied in forest and fruit production, are of great significance to the efficient and sustainable development of forest and fruit industry in Xinjiang. According to the present situation and requirements of fertilization and ditching in modern orchards, through investigating and analyzing the development status of ditching machines at home and abroad, in combination with horticultural technology, a ditching machine specifically designed for fertilization in orchards was studied and designed.
Keywords: orchard; fertilization; trencher

果园开沟机设计
目录
1绪论1
1.1选题的意义和目的1
1.2开沟机在国内外的研究现状1
1.2.1国外施肥开沟机研究现状1
1.2.2国内施肥开沟机研究现状2
1.2.3果园施肥开沟机研究、推广现状2
1.3本课题需重点研究的关键问题3
2开沟机类型、传动形式、刀轴转速的选择3
2.1开沟机类型的选择3
2.2开沟机传动形式的选择3
2.3开沟机刀轴转速的选定3
3总体方案的确定3
3.1总体结构设设计3
3.2圆盘开沟机工作原理4
4开沟机的零件说明及其校核4
4.1开沟刀的选择4
4.2刀片的结构组成7
4.3刀盘的尺寸确定7
4.4刀片的数目及其排列7
4.5轴的设计及其校核7
4.5.1轴的尺寸设计7
4.5.2刀棍轴的强度校核10
5标准件的选择及其计算13
5.1减速器的选定13
5.2带轮的参数13
5.3轴承的参数选择13
5.3.1轴承寿命计算14
5.3.2轴承的润滑15
5.4联轴器的选择15
5.5键的选择15
5.5.1键的尺寸、类型的确定15
5.5.2校核键联接的强度15
6悬挂架15
7铲刀的确定16
7.1铲刀的基本参数16
7.2铲刀的功用16
8结论17
致谢18
参考文献19

0三维预览图(2)

0三维预览图(3)

A0-装配图

A1-刀辊轴

A3-2轴

A3-3轴

A3-铲刀

A3-刀盘

A3-皮带轮

A3-弯刀

A3-悬挂架